Analysis of the main wear forms of the lining plate of the cone crusher

Segregation or blockage can cause excessive stress on one side of the lining plate, exacerbating the cutting effect of the ore on the lining plate. In addition, the high-speed operation of the moving cone and the relative motion formed between the fixed cone will also cause the ore sandwiched in the middle to have a continuous cutting effect on the surface of the lining plate. Cutting wear gradually "scrapes off" the surface material of the lining plate, forming directional wear patterns.

3、 Squeezing and impact craters

Squeezing and impact pits are wear characteristics formed on the surface of the lining plate under repeated ore squeezing and impact loads.

The lining plate is subjected to enormous squeezing force during operation, especially when large pieces of ore enter the crushing chamber, which will generate impact loads on the surface of the lining plate, forming local concave impact pits. Research shows that the evolution trend of wear depth is consistent with the distribution of compressive force, and the larger the compressive force, the more obvious the formation of wear pits.

As the wear depth increases, the throughput, crushing rate, and power consumption of the crusher will decrease, indicating that the formation of extrusion and impact pits not only affects the lining plate itself, but also reduces the overall crushing performance of the equipment.

4、 Fatigue peeling off

Fatigue spalling is a failure mode of the lining plate under alternating stress. When the cone crusher is working, the surface of the lining plate is subjected to periodic loading and unloading, which causes micro cracks in the surface material of the lining plate and gradually expands, ultimately leading to small pieces of material peeling off from the surface.

Research has shown that fatigue spalling caused by low cycle fatigue is one of the important forms of liner failure. When the toughness of the lining material is insufficient or there are casting defects such as pores, sand inclusions, shrinkage holes, etc., the occurrence of fatigue peeling will be more rapid. The difference between fatigue spalling and simple abrasive wear is that it involves the initiation and propagation of internal cracks in the material.

5、 Abrasion and corrosion wear

In addition to the mechanical wear forms mentioned above, the lining plate is also affected by abrasion and corrosion wear under specific working conditions.

Abrasion and wear refer to the formation of a slurry like medium by fine particulate materials under the action of moisture, which causes a similar "polishing" or "scouring" wear effect on the surface of the lining plate. When the content of stone powder and moisture in the material is high, fine-grained materials are prone to adhere to the surface of the lining plate, which not only reduces the crushing efficiency but also has a continuous abrasion effect on the lining plate.

Corrosion wear is the result of the combined action of chemical and mechanical wear. The moisture and mineral components in damp materials may undergo chemical reactions with the lining material, forming brittle corrosion products that are more easily removed under subsequent mechanical action, accelerating the wear and tear of the lining. For materials with high moisture content, adopting dehumidification measures such as natural air drying or mechanical drying before crushing can help reduce corrosion and wear.

6、 The mutual influence of various types of wear and tear

In actual production, the above-mentioned forms of wear do not exist in isolation, but are intertwined and mutually reinforcing.

For example, chiseling and cutting wear make the surface of the lining plate rough, providing stress concentration points for the initiation of fatigue cracks; The brittle surface formed by corrosion and wear is more prone to fatigue peeling under impact loads; Abrasion and wear continuously remove the work hardening layer on the surface of the lining plate, allowing fresh materials to be continuously exposed to the wear environment.

The study also found that the presence of small-sized hard particles can lead to more severe wear. This is because small particles can enter microcracks or pits on the surface of the lining plate, producing a "micro cutting" effect under subsequent compression and shear, accelerating material removal.